230201 1L2L0X0A_(I), http://farbe.li.tu-berlin.de/AEZI.HTM or
http://color.li.tu-berlin.de/AEZI.HTM
For this main page with general information and special images
of the corresponding image page with 10 colour series, see
AEZI in English,
AGZI in German.
For the previous main page, see
AEYI in English,
AGYI in German.
For the next main page, see
AEAI in English,
AGAI in German.
For links to the chapter A
Colour Image Technology and Colour Management (2019), see
Content list of chapter A:
AEA_I in English or
AGA_I in German.
Summary of chapter A:
AEA_S in English or
AGA_S in German.
Example image part of 26 parts AEAS to AEZS:
AEAS in English or
AGAS in German.
Chapter A: Colour Image Technology and Colour Management (2019),
Main part AEZI
1. Introduction and goals.
This main page shows the numbering and ordering von files and figures.
The files are in folders with four characters, for example AEZ0.
In any folder there are 16 figure files which are shown on a A4-page
in landscape format.
Any figure file is available in different formats, for example
PS (PostScript), PDF (Portable Document Format), and TXT
(PS-files as text).
In the following the files are transferred to other formats, for example
from vector graphic (VG) to pixel graphic (PG).
There are VG-PDF and PG-PDF files. A
VG-PDF-page file can include many VG-PDF and PG-PDF files.
In addition any VG-PDF-page file can be transferred to a PG-PDF-page file.
PG-PDF files are much larger compared to VG-PDF files. With magnification
of the output the pixel structure of any PG-PDF file
is visible. PG-PDF files have a very limited resolution. By ergonomic
reasons and based on the properties of the visual system suitable
adjustments are necessary which consider
the resolution of the output devices. The adjustments
are usually done directly before
the output on a display or in print. For the output
of VG-PDF files the PostScript devices
usually include an automatic adjustment which is optimized
for the resolution of the output device.
For the output often 16 millions rgb data must be transferred into
16 millions other rgb data. This can be done within
the workflow or within the device.
The disadvantages and advantages of the different files and the
requirements for the output are shown in the following.
2. Numbering and order of files and figures
Figure 1 shows an A4 page with 16 numbered figures at 16 standard
positions.
For the download of this figure in the VG-PDF format, see
AEZ0L0N1.PDF.
The first for characters, for example AEZ0, include the web part page A,
the language (G=german, E=english), the image page (A, B, C, ...,Z), and the
figure part page (0, 1, ..., 9). Figure 1 shows the figure coding
on the left page
(0-1, 0-2, ..., 0-8), and on the right page (1-1, 1-2, ..., 1-8).
A figure can consist of multiple pages (N or A).
The extension describes the figure format. Vector-graphic files are
described with
capital characters in the formats PS, PDF, TXT, JPG, and TIF.
Pixel-graphic files use
small characters for the formats eps, pdf, txt, jpg, and tif.
3. File name in the VG-PDF format and in the PG-PDF format
Figure 2 shows an A4 page with only one figure at the lower left
standard position
For the download of this figure in the VG-PDF format, see
AEZ9L0N1.PDF.
In Figure 1 the figure coding (0-1, 0-2, ..., 0-8) and
(1-1, 1-2, ..., 1-8) is used.
In Figure 2 only the figure coding (0-7) is used.
Figure 3 shows a single figure at the position 0-7 of figure 2
in pixel graphic PG.
For the download of this figure in the PG-PDF format, see
AEZ94-7N.pdf.
By the transfer of one file format into another the figure coding
of the first number (0 or 1)
is usually changed into (2 and 3) or into (4 and 5). There are different
reasons for this.
The Mac computer-operating system does not allow in any
folder capital and small letters
at the same time, for example PDF and pdf. Therefore different names
are required.
A file with the extension PDF must be deleted, if a new one with
the extension pdf must be created.
In general the deletion is done after the creation of the file with
the extension eps
with the software GraphicConverter GC.
4. Transfer of files from the VG-PDF format into the PG-PDF format
For the transfer of the figures and the ISO-test charts from VG to PG
the free software
Mac Software GraphicConverter X V5.2 (GC) is used here.
For example in 2010
the Mac computer-operating system OS X Version 10.8 includes
this software as bundle.
For newer GC versions and information see
http://www.lemkesoft.com
The transfer is independent of the GC version. For newer GC versions
the handling is more confortable. For example one can change the format
of all files in a folder to another format.
The ISO-test charts and figure files have a cero point (origin)
which is often 2,5 cm away from the
lower left edge of the A4 page. Then the figure is printed on the paper
from this origin towards right
and upwards. With an origin at the lower left edge of the A4 page
a part of the figure is cut off,
because any printer can not print up to the lower left edge.
For the transfer from the VG-PDF
to the PG-PDF files the software GC does not
consider the origin shift, for example
2,5cm. Therefore for the further use an OriginShift (OS)
is necessary by hand coding in the workflow.
Any single transfer from PS via PDF via eps towards pdf is given in figure 4.
Figure 4 shows a transfer of the test chart similar ISO-AE49 for users
and programmers in PostScript
For the download of this figure in the VG-PDF format, see
AEZ2L0N1.PDF.
The original figure is at position 1-1 (top left, right page), see
AEZ21-1N.PDF.
The PS-Code of this file
AEZ21-1N.PS or .TXT
includes the 1080 colours as rgb and cmyk data set
near the file end. Both data sets
produce an outer and inner square. The relationship of both data
sets is defined by the
1-minus-relation (1MR), for example cd = 1 - rd with
cd = device cyanblue and rd = device red.
Equal or different output of the squares?
One can find both properties on computer operating systems and with printers.
For example the Mac computer operating system OS X up to 10.2 (2008)
produces with
the software Mac Preview equal output and for both
the PS and PDF files on the display.
Similar properties are known for example from the operating systems
UNIX (software LATEX),
and DIGITAL/COMPAC VMS (software Decwrite). The VMS operating
system with Display PostScript
is still in use for the development of many files on this web page.
The original figure at the position 0-1 is similar to the original figure for
the PDF-test chart ISO AE49 according to ISO 9241-306, see
http://standards.iso.org/iso/9241/306/ed-2/AE49/AE490-7N.PDF.
In applications the output properties on displays and in print are very
different.
For example the output of
AEZ21-1N.PDF or the ISO file
AE490-7N.PDF shows the following properties for the rgb
and cmyk data sets:
Win AdobeFrameMaker V8.0 produce equal squares at
the display output.
Mac and Win Adobe Reader at least since V 3.0 produce
different squares at the display output.
Mac Preview up to OS X V10.2 produces equal squares
and different squares for later versions.
Some PostScript printers produce equal squares,
for example of OKI
with the printer driver option Colour Management OFF
and different squares
with the printer driver option Colour Management ON.
These different colour properties confuse the users.
The ergonomic requirements for the output
of the test chart files of ISO 9241-306 allow only to produce
equal squares.
This is reached in the following for all PDF files of ISO 9241-306
with the PostScript
procedure /1MR-0000. One can assume, that for example
Win AdobeFrameMaker V8.0
includes the transfer 1MR or equivalent, see the PS procedure
/1MR-0000 in
AEZ20-1N.PDF.
The procedure 1MR-0000 agrees with the definitions in the
PostScript Language Reference Manual, see
http://www.adobe.com/jp/print/postscript/pdfs/PLRM.pdf.
The procedure 1MR-0000 agrees with the definitions of colorimetry and the
ergonomic requirements for the display output in ISO 9241-306.
Three technical requirements of the original test chart at the position 1-1
are described in the figure table at the position 0-3, see
AEZ20-3N.PDF.
According to this table the VG-PS original
AEZ21-1N.PS and .TXT
includes the 1080 colours as rgb and cmyk data according
to the 1-minus-relation.
Three transfers of the VG original at the position 1-1 are visible
as colour figure
1. The figure at the position 1-3 transfers the original with the
1-minus-relation and within the VG, see
AEZ21-3N.PDF.
The changes of the PS-Code are described in the figure
at the position 1-4, see
AEZ21-4N.PDF.
2. The figure at the position 0-2 transfers the original
with the GC software to PG, see
AEZ20-2N.PDF.
The changes of the PS-Code are described at the positions 0-7 and 0-8, see
AEZ20-7N.PDF und
AEZ20-8N.PDF.
The PS code differs only by an origin shift OS.
3. The figure at the position 0-3 transfers the original with the
GC software to PG, see
AEZ20-2N.PDF.
The changes of the PS-Code are described at the positions 1-7 and 1-8, see
AEZ21-7N.PDF und
AEZ21-8N.PDF.
The PS code differs only by an origin shift OS.
5. Transfer from VG to PG for 5 or 15 contrast steps according
to ISO 9241-306.
Figure 5 shows the transfer of the test chart similar to ISO-AE49
from VG to PG for 5 ISO-contrast steps
For the download of this figure in the VG-PDF format, see
AEZ3L0N1.PDF.
Figure 6 shows the transfer of the test chart similar to ISO-AE49
from VG to VG for 5 ISO-contrast steps
For the download of this figure in the VG-PDF format, see
AEZ4L0N1.PDF.
Figure 7 shows the transfer of the test chart similar to ISO-AE49
from VG to VG
for 15 ISO-contrast steps
For the download of this figure in the VG-PDF format, see
AEZ5L0N1.PDF.
6. Transfer from the format VG-PDF to the format PG-PDF
of AE49 of ISO 9241-306.
Within the sections 4 and 5 the figure similar to ISO-AE49
with 1080 colours was reduced
by the factor 0,237 from the size 24,6cm x 16,9cm to the size 5,8cm x 4,0cm.
Then on one page 16 figures in reduced size were possible at the
positions 0-1 to 0-8 (left) and 1-8 to 1-8 (right).
In this section the figure with the size 24,6cm x 16,9cm
similar to ISO-AE49 is at position 0-7.
In figure 8 it is shown in vector graphic and in figure 9 in pixel graphic.
In both cases the frame file is in vector graphic VG.
Figure 8 shows the figure similar to ISO-AE49 (24,6cm x 16,9cm)
with 1MR in vector graphic VG.
For the download of only ISO-AE49 in the VG-PS format (24 KB), see
AEZ60-7N.PS.
For the download of Fig. 8 in the VG-PDF format (109 KB), see
AEZ6L0N1.PDF.
Figure 9 shows the figure similar to ISO-AE49 (24,6cm x 16,9cm)
with 1MR in pixel graphic PG.
For the download of only ISO-AE49 in the PG-eps format (9,2 MB), see
AEZ72-7N.eps.
For the download of Fig. 9 in the VG-PDF format (5,1 MB), see
AEZ7L2N1.PDF.
Figure 10 shows the figure similar to ISO-AE49 as pure pixel
graphic with the small letters pdf.
For the download of the whole Figure 10
in the pure PG-eps format (9,2 MB), see
AEZ74-7N.eps.
For the download of the whole Figure 10
in the pure PG-pdf format (253 KB), see
AEZ7L4N1.pdf.
Figure 10 is a pixel file, see
AEZ7L4N1.txt (3,3 MB)or
AEZ7L4N1.eps (3,3 MB).
The pure pixel file of Fig. 10 is produced by the transfer of figure 9
(frame file in VG and pixel file in PG)
with the software GraphicConverter GC.
Figure 11 shows files which create a rectangle (5,8cm x 4cm)
in vector graphic VG.
For the download of this figure in the VG-PDF format, see
AEZ9L0N1.PDF.
Similar transfers compared to the figures 8 to 10
for combination of VG and PG graphics
are produced by a file which produces a simple rectangle,
see the single figure pages
AEZ8.HTM with 16 small figure files
on one page and in
AEZ9.HTM with only one small figure file
on one page.
The three combinations of the two graphic types frame
and figure file VG - VG, VG - PG and pure
PG one can find on both single figure pages.
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For the archive information (2000-2009) of the BAM server "www.ps.bam.de"
(2000-2018)
about colour test charts, colorimetric calculations,
standards, and publications, see
indexAE.html in English,
indexAG.html in German.
Back to the main page of this TUB web site (NOT archive), see
index.html in English,
indexDE.html in German.