EEA_I.HTM

230526 'ENAX' http://farbe.li.tu-berlin.de/EEA_I.HTM or http://color.li.tu-berlin.de/EEA_I.HTM.

For links to the chapter A Colour Image Technology and Colour Management (2019), see
Content list of chapter A: AEA_I in English or AGA_I in German.
Summary of chapter A: AEA_S in English or AGA_S in German.
Example content part AEAI of some available parts AEAI to AEZI: AEAI in English or AGAI in German.
Example images part AEAS of all 26 parts AEAS to AEZS: AEAS in English or AGAS in German.

For links to the chapter B Colour Vision and Colorimetry (2020), see
Content list of chapter B: BEA_I in English or BGA_I in German.
Summary of chapter B: BEA_S in English or BGA_S in German.
Example content part BEAI of some available parts BEAI to BEZI: BEAI in English or BGAI in German.
Example images part BEAS of all 26 parts BEAS to BEZS: BEAS in English or BGAS in German.

For links to the chapter C Colour Spaces, Colour Differences, and Line Elements (2021), see
Content list of chapter C: CEA_I in English or CGA_I in German.
Summary of chapter C: CEA_S in English or CGA_S in German.
Example content part CEAI of some available parts CEAI to CEZI: CEAI in English or CGAI in German.
Example images part CEAS of all 26 parts CEAS to CEZS: CEAS in English or CGAS in German.

For links to the chapter D Colour Appearance, Elementary Colours, and Metrics (2022), see
Content list of chapter D: DEA_I in English or DGA_I in German.
Summary of chapter D: DEA_S in English or DGA_S in German.
Example content part DEAI of some available parts DEAI to DEZI: DEAI in English or DGAI in German.
Example images part DEAS of all 26 parts DEAS to DEZS: DEAS in English or DGAS in German.

For links to the chapter E Colour Metrics, Differences, and Appearance (2023), under work, see
Content list of chapter E: EEA_I in English or EGA_I in German.
Summary of chapter E: EEA_S in English or EGA_S in German.
Example content part EEAI of some available parts EEAI to EEZI: EEAI in English or EGAI in German.
Example images part EEAS of all 26 parts EEAS to EEZS: EEAS in English or EGAS in German.

Project title: Colour and colour vision with Ostwald, device, and elementary colours -
Antagonistic colour-vision model TUBJND and properties for many applications

Chapter E: Colour Metrics, Differences, and Appearance (2023), Main part EEA_I, under work

Each chapter includes main parts (I) with information to an image part (S).
There are 26 image parts (S), each with 10 figure pages.
The 10 figure pages (0 to 9) include up to 16 figures, and each figure with up to six formats.

Structure, content, and order of files and figures on the example chapter
Colour Vision and Colorimetry

Figure 1 shows the structure of the web site BE(A..Z)I.HTM und BE(A..Z)S.HTM.
For the download of this figure in the VG-PDF format, see AEX00-5N.PDF.

Structure, content, and order of files and figures on the web site http://farbe.li.tu-berlin.de.

Figure 2 shows the structure, the content, and the order of files and figures on the web site http://farbe.li.tu-berlin.de.
For the download of this figure in the VG-PDF format, see AEX0L0NP.PDF.

List of links to the contents of all image parts

Image part EEAS in English or EGAS in German.
Title: Line elements of higher colourimetry;
CIELAB, LABJND, TUBJND, CIEDE2000, see CIE 230:2019;
regularity index according to ISO/IEC 15775:2022;
lightness, Y difference, sensitivity and contrast;
relative lightness as basis for grey scaling
1. Introduction and goals.
2. Line elements of higher colourimetry;
CIELAB, LABJND, TUBJND, CIEDE2000, see CIE 230:2019.
3. Regularity index g* according to ISO/IEC 15775:2022, Annex G.
4. Relative lightness L*/L*u.
5. Relative Y difference delta_Y/delta_Yu.
6. Relative sensitivity (delta_Y/Y)/(delta_Yu/Yu).
7. Relative contrast (Y/delta_Y)/(Yu/delta_Yu).
8. Discussion of results for colour vision.
for further information and discussion, see EEAI.
go to the image part EEAS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EEBS in English or EGBS in German.
Title: Equally spaced 9 step grey scales for four display refections
Yref=0,4, 90, 1,8, 3,6 on eight pages
1. Introduction and goals.
2. Four lightness and tristimulus value ranges between black N and white W.
3. delta L*N to L*W: 4_96, 14,4_96, 30_70, 44_56.
4. delta YN to YW: 0,4_90, 1,8_90, 6,2_40,7, 13,8_23,9.
5. Discussion of gamma values for different ranges.
go to the image part EEBS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EECS in English or EGCS in German.
Title: Equally spaced 9 step grey scales for four display refections
Yref=0,4, 90, 1,8, 3,6 on one page
1. Introduction and goals.
2. Four lightness and tristimulus value ranges between black N and white W.
3. delta L*N to L*W: 4_96, 14,4_96, 30_70, 44_56, 14_125, 8_163.
4. delta YN to YW: 0,4_90, 1,8_90, 6,2_40,7, 13,8_23,9, 1,8_180, 0,9_360.
5. Discussion of gamma values for different ranges.
go to the image part EECS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EEDS in English or EGDS in German.
Title: Equally spaced 9 step grey scales for four display refections
Yref=0,4, 90, 1,8, 3,6 on one page
1. Introduction and goals.
2. Four lightness and tristimulus value ranges between black N and white W.
3. delta L*N to L*W: 4_96, 14,4_96, 30_70, 44_56, 14_125, 8_163.
4. delta YN to YW: 0,4_90, 1,8_90, 6,2_40,7, 13,8_23,9, 1,8_180, 0,9_360.
5. Discussion of gamma values for different ranges.
go to the image part EEDS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EEES in English or EGES in German.
Title: Relative logarithmic colorimetric variables as logarithmic and linear function of Y;
lightness, Y-differenz, sensitivity and contrast; colour spaces CIELAB and TUBJND, see CIE 230
1. Introduction and goals.
2. Equally spaced grey series 1,8 < Y < 180 for 4 display reflections;
Yref=1,8, 3,6, 7,2 and 14,4 with regularity index;
g* according to ISO/IEC 15775:2022.
3. Relative lightness L*/L*u.
4. Relative Y-differenz delta_Y/delta_Yu.
5. Relative sensitivity (delta_Y/Y)/(delta_Yu/Yu).
6. Relative contrast (Y/delta_Y)/(Yu/delta_Yu).
7. Discussion of results for colour vision.
go to the image part EEES to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EEFS in English or EGFS in German.
Title: Relative linear colorimetric variables
as logarithmic and linear function of Y;
lightness, Y-differenz, sensitivity and contrast;
colour spaces CIELAB and TUBJND, see CIE 230
1. Introduction and goals.
2. Equally spaced grey series 3,6 < Y < 90 for four display reflections
Yref=0,4, 90, 1,8 and 3,6 with regularity index
g* according to ISO/IEC 15775:2022.
3. Relative lightness L*/L*u.
4. Relative Y-differenz delta_Y/delta_Yu.
5. Relative sensitivity (delta_Y/Y)/(delta_Yu/Yu).
6. Relative contrast (Y/delta_Y)/(Yu/delta_Yu).
7. Discussion of results for colour vision.
go to the image part EEFS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EEGS in English or EGGS in German.
Title: Ostwald optimal colours as surface-colour reference;
Tristimulus values Yu for equal greyness;
Antagonistic receptor functions Fab and derivation F'ab;
Fab as eponential functions of the relative luminance and the contrast.
1. Introduction and goals.
2. Ostwald optimal colours as surface-colour reference.
3. Tristimulus values Yu for equal greyness as function of (x,y);
4. Antagonistic receptor functions Fab and derivation F'ab.
5. Fab as exponential functions e^x and 10^x with the relative luminance x=log(L/Lu).
6. Fab and F'ab as function of the contrast C=Lw:Ln.
go to the image part EEGS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EEHS in English or EGHS in German.
Title: Three CIE standard illuminants D65, D50, and A
for the calculation of the Ostwald-optimal colours for CIE 02-degree;
complementary optimal colours with antagonistic tristimulues values
X, Y, Z, and Xw-X, Yw-Y, Zw-Z
in the CIE chromaticity diagram (x, y), and
colorimetric chromaticity and chromatic values diagrams.
1. Introduction and goals.
2. Relative sprectral radiation of the 3 illuminants D65, D50, and A.
3. Wavelength ranges of the Ostwald colours for D65, D50, and A.
4. Calculations of tristimulues values X, Y, Z, and Xw-X, Yw-Y, Zw-Z, as well as
wavelength limits, dominant and complementary wavelength.
5. Alternative starting wavelength limits compared to the preferred limits.
6. Equal chromatic values for the antagonistic colour pairs
R-C, Y-B und G-M
in the chromatic value diagram (A2, B2),
and comparison with CIELAB chroma.
go to the image part EEHS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EEIS in English or EGIS in German.
Title: Ostwald optimal colours as surface-colour reference;
Tristimulus values Yu for equal greyness.
9 step colour series for gamma optimization for 15 display reflections according to ISO 9241-306:2018 and ISO/IEC 15775:2022.
Application programs for output linearization of still images and video.
1. Introduction and goals.
2. Ostwald optimal colours as surface-colour reference.
3. Tristimulus values Yu for equal greyness
as function of (x,y) for CIE standard illuminant A.
4. 9 step colour series for gamma optimization for 15 display reflections
according to ISO 9241-306:2018 and ISO/IEC 15775:2022.
5. Gamma data on one page for 15 or only one value.
6. Application programs for output linearization of still images and video.
go to the image part EEIS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EEJS in English or EGJS in German.
Title: Achromatic and chromatic thresholds as function of tristimulus value Y;
Properties and application limits of HDR and SDR displays
Global and local colour management;
TUBJND colour vison model: receptor-response functions Fab and derivations F'ab for different parameters a,b;
CIELABr- and TUBJNADr- relative (r) colour spaces and colour differences;
logarithmic and linear relative (r) coordinates of lightness L*,
threshold data delta_Y, sensitivity delta_Y/Y,
and contrast Y/delta_Y for the colour spaces CIELABr and TUBJNDr.
1. Introduction and goals.
2. Achromatic and chromatic thresholds as function of tristimulus value Y.
3. Properties and application limits of HDR and SDR displays.
4. Global and local colour management.
5. TUBJND colour vison model: receptor-response functions Fab and derivations F'ab for different parameters a,b.
6. Receptor sensitivities R+, G-, Y+ and derivations R+', G-', Y+'.
7. Amplituds modulations (Y+) + (R+'/G-') and (Y+) + (R+/G-).
8. CIELABr- and TUBJNADr- relative (r) colour spaces and colour differences.
9. logarithmic and linear relative (r) coordinates of lightness L*;
threshold data delta_Y, sensitivity delta_Y/Y;
and contrast Y/delta_Y for the colour spaces CIELABr and TUBJNDr.
go to the image part EEJS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EEKS in English or EGKS in German.
Title: Equally spaced 9 step grey scales according to CIELAB for four display reflections
Yref=3,6, 1,8, 0,9, (90, 108, 126, 180, 54) on ten pages
1. Introduction and goals.
2. Five lightness and tristimulus value ranges
between black N and white W.
3. delta L*N to L*W: 22,3_96, 20_103, 18,2_109,3, 14,4_125, 29,4_78,5.
4. delta YN to YW: 3,6_90, 3,0_108, 2,6_126, 1,8_180, 6_54.
5. with regularity index g* according to ISO/IEC 15775:2022, annex G.
6. Discussion of gamma values for different ranges.
go to the image part EEKS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EELS in English or EGLS in German.
Title: Equally spaced 9 step grey scales according to TUBJND1 for four display reflections
Yref=3,6, 1,8, 0,9, 90 on eight pages
1. Introduction and goals.
2. Five lightness and tristimulus value ranges
between black N and white W.
3. delta L*N to L*W: 22,3_96, 20_103, 18,2_109,3, 14,4_125, 29,4_78,5.
4. delta YN to YW: 3,6_90, 3,0_108, 2,6_126, 1,8_180, 6_54.
5. with regularity index g* according to ISO/IEC 15775:2022, annex G.
6. Discussion of gamma values for different ranges.
go to the image part EELS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EEMS in English or EGMS in German.
Title: Equally spaced 9 step grey scales according to TUBJND2 for four display reflections, under work
Yref=3,6, 1,8, 0,9, 90 on eight pages
1. Introduction and goals.
2. Five lightness and tristimulus value ranges
between black N and white W.
3. delta L*N to L*W: 22,3_96, 20_103, 18,2_109,3, 14,4_125, 29,4_78,5.
4. delta YN to YW: 3,6_90, 3,0_108, 2,6_126, 1,8_180, 6_54.
5. with regularity index g* according to ISO/IEC 15775:2022, annex G.
6. Discussion of gamma values for different ranges.
go to the image part EEMS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EENS in English or EGNS in German.
Title: TUBJND colour vision model for scaling, threshold, adaptation, and presentation time;
Antagonistic receptor responses for achromatic and chromatic colours;
Amplitude modulation of achromatic and chromatic differences on achromatic responses
1. Introduction and goals.
2. Receptor-response function of Richter (1995), see http://color.li.tu-berlin.de/BUA4BF.PDF, and as function with tanh.
3. Threshold, contrast L/delta_L, and lightness L* with internal attribute relations.
4. Line element, contrast, and lightness according to Weber-Fechner, Stiles, and Walraven.
5. TUBJND-colour-vision model for scaling, threshold, and presentation time.
6. Psycho-physical models as function of the relative luminance x=log(L/Lu) and adaptation Lu.
7. Antagonistic receptor responses for achromatic and chromatic colours.
8. Amplitude modulation of achromatic and chromatic differences on achromatic responses.
go to the image part EENS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EEOS in English or EGOS in German.
Title: Colour metrics for light and colour as function of the relative luminance L/Lu (Lu=surround luminance)
Experimental data and model functions Q/Fab(xr).
1. Introduction and goals.
2. Experimental data from a book for xr=log(L/Lu);
3. Response functions Q/Fab[e^(xr/a) or 10^(xr/a')] with a'=a ln(10).
4. Deviations of the response functions for luminance discrimination.
5. Antichromatic models of colour vision.
6. Receptor sensitivity for achromatic colours.
7. Logarithmic and linear models for combinations of the sensitivities.
for further information and discussion, see DEAI.
go to the image part EEOS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EEPS in English or EGPS in German.
Title: Equally spaced 9 step grey scales according to CIELAB for four display reflections
Yref=3,6, 0,4, 0,9, 1,8 on ten pages
1. Introduction and goals.
2. Five lightness and tristimulus value ranges
between black N and white W.
3. delta L*N to L*W: 22,3_96, 4_96, 8,1_96, 14,4_96, 18_96.
4. delta YN to YW: 3,6_90, 0,4_90, 0,9_90, 1,8_90, 2,5_90.
5. with regularity index g* according to ISO/IEC 15775:2022, annex G.
6. Discussion of gamma values for different ranges.
go to the image part EEPS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EEQS in English or EGQS in German.
Title: Equally spaced 9 step grey scales according to CIELAB for four display reflections
Yref=2,5, 10, 20, 90 on ten pages
1. Introduction and goals.
2. Five lightness and tristimulus value ranges
between black N and white W.
3. delta L*N to L*W: 22,3_96, 4_96, 8,1_96, 14,4_96, 18_96.
4. delta YN to YW: 3,6_90, 0,4_90, 0,9_90, 1,8_90, 2,5_90.
5. with regularity index g* according to ISO/IEC 15775:2022, annex G.
6. Discussion of gamma values for different ranges.
go to the image part EEQS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EERS in English or EGRS in German.
Title: Colour metrics for light and colour as function of the relative luminance L/Lu (Lu=surround luminance)
Experimental data and model functions Fab(xr) and Fcb(xr).
1. Introduction and goals.
2. Experimental data of Lingelbach for xr=log(L/Lu);
3. Two functions Fab for xr<=0 and Fcb for xr>=0;
4. under development.
for further information and discussion, see DEAI.
go to the image part EERS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EESS in English or EGSS in German.
Title: under development;
XX.
1. Introduction and goals.
2. XX;
3. XX;
X. XX.
go to the image part EESS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EETS in English or EGTS in German.
Title: under development;
XX.
1. Introduction and goals.
2. XX;
3. XX;
X. XX.
go to the image part EETS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EEUS in English or EGUS in German.
Title: under development;
XX.
1. Introduction and goals.
2. XX;
3. XX;
X. XX.
go to the image part EEUS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EEVS in English or EGVS in German.
Title: under development;
XX.
1. Introduction and goals.
2. XX;
3. XX;
X. XX.
go to the image part EEVS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EEWS in English or EGWS in German.
Title: under development;
XX.
1. Introduction and goals.
2. XX;
3. XX;
X. XX.
go to the image part EEWS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EEXS in English or EGXS in German.
Title: under development;
XX.
1. Introduction and goals.
2. XX;
3. XX;
X. XX.
go to the image part EEXS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EEYS in English or EGYS in German.
Title: under development;
XX.
1. Introduction and goals.
2. XX;
3. XX;
X. XX.
go to the image part EEYS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

Image part EEZS in English or EGZS in German.
Title: under development;
XX.
1. Introduction and goals.
2. XX;
3. XX;
X. XX.
go to the image part EEZS to study the 10 image pages and the content.

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For the start TUB web site (not archive), see
index.html in English, indexDE.html in German.

For the archive information (2000-2009) of the BAM server "www.ps.bam.de" (2000-2018)
about colour test charts, colorimetric calculations, standards, and publications, see
indexAE.html in English, indexAG.html in German.