181101 and 030601: A/CE60/CE60.HTM

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Proposal for digital ISO-test charts according to ISO/CD 9241-306:2005
"
Ergonomics of human system interaction - Ergonomic requirements and measurement techniqes for electronic visual displays -
Part 6: Workplace assessment methods"
Digital files in file formats PostScript (PS) and Portable Document (PDF),
each file produces between 1 and 8 pages

This page in German for Output Linearisation (OL) without and with MFL code by NP and FP files, see CG60X (not available, in preparation)

For similar test charts and test charts for measurement of the 16 grey steps in larger size, see ../CE00/CE00X.HTM

Fig. 1: ISO/IEC-test chart according to ISO/IEC 15775 in format A6 (only page no. 1 and ouput intended for no display reflection), see
L76E00F1.PS / JPG / PDF

In A4 size this test chart shows eight pages for 8 different contrast ratios and for the PS operator w* setgray. Each page uses one display system contrast ratio, see (150 / 150 / 1.600 kByte)
L76E00FP.PS / TXT / PDF

For modification of these files go to CE76

 

Files in PDF format for chromatic colour output on displays
Proposal for digital ISO-test chart no. ME11 according to ISO/CD 9241-306:2005
16 step colour scales (W-CMYN) defined in two colour spaces (CMYK, RGB), 1 page, 250 kByte, ME11/10L/L11E00NP.PDF

Proposal for digital ISO-test chart no. ME11 according to ISO/CD 9241-306:2005
16 step colour scales (W-CMYN) defined in output colour space (RGB), 8 pages, 2800 kByte, ME11/10L/L11E00FP.PDF

Proposal for digital ISO-test chart no. ME13 according to ISO/CD 9241-306:2005
16 step colour scales (W-OLVN) defined in two colour spaces (CMYK, RGB), 1 page, 250 kByte, ME13/10L/L13E00NP.PDF

Proposal for digital ISO-test chart no. ME13 according to ISO/CD 9241-306:2005
16 step colour scales (W-OLVN) defined in output colour space (RGB), 8 pages, 2800 kByte, ME13/10L/L13E00FP.PDF

For modification of these files go to ME11

Fig. 2: Four visually equally spaced 16 step gray scales in A6 size for four different contrast ratios of the display output (only page no. 1 and output intended for no display reflection), see
L71E00F1.PS / JPG / PDF

In A4 size this test chart shows 8 different contrast ratios on two pages for the PS operator w* setgray. Each page uses four different display system contrast ratios and one can test visually which output gray scale on the two pages is visually equally spaced, see (120 / 120 / 50 kByte)
L71E00FP.PS / TXT / PDF

Fig. 3: Four visually equally spaced 16 step gray scales in A6 size for four different PS operators of the display output (only page no. 1 and output intended for no display reflection), see
L68E00F1.PS / JPG / PDF

In A4 size this test chart shows the same 4 different PS operators on each of the 8 pages. Each page uses another display system contrast ratio. One can test visually which output is visually equally spaced and if this is different or equal for the four PS operators, see (120 / 120 / 210 kByte)
L68E00FP.PS / TXT / PDF

For modification of these files go to CE68

Remark: There are PDFViewers on the market which show either four equal scales or up to four different scales. In some cases the four scales are different on the display and equal on the printer or vice versa. This behavior may change with version number and settings of the software and the computer operating system. The user may be totally confused by these differences. In the above case the PDF output of Fig. 3 may be different compared to the JPG output. For example the PDF file output by the PDF software Adobe Reader shows different (partly chromatic) scales on the display and may show equal scales on a PS printer. In this case the display and printer driver work very different.

Summary
The ISO/IEC-test chart according to ISO/IEC 15775 (Fig. 1) has been modified to serve for display systems and is proposed for ISO/CD 9241-306:2004. The test report according to Annex C of ISO/IEC 24705:2005 (and ISO/IEC 15775:1999) may serve as a basis for the assessment of the display output at workplaces. The test file is adapted to the requirements at workplaces with 8 different display reflections.

The ISO-test file produces 8 pages in A4 size which are equally spaced depending on different luminance reflectance ratios between larger 500:1 and 2:1. It is easy to measure this contrast ratio at any workplace.

Usually the display system is calibrated for the "no" reflection (ideal) condition with a gamma of 2.4 and then no Output Linearisation (OL) method is necessary. In this case all the files may be used without modification. If the contrast ratio shown with the page output corresponds to one of the workplace reflections between 0% and 40% then the output will produce the best recognition for the 16 gray steps and the Landolt-rings.

Remark: If the display system is not calibrated for the "no" reflection case then the Output Linearization method of ISO/IEC DTR 19797 may be applied. The MFL Code (Measurement, Lightness Function and Linearisation) for Output Linearisation (OL) may be used to calibrate the display system for the "no" reflection condition. The MFL code includes the CIEXYZ luminance reflectance Y data or the CIELAB lightness L* data of the first output. The Output Linearisation is produced by one simple 16 step input - output table. The result is a linearisation of the CIELAB lightness L* of the grey scale in the output for the "no" reflection condition. All the other conditions with contrast ratios between larger 500:1 and 2:1 are related to the "no" reflection condition and are calibrated at the same time. All PS files are already prepared to include the 16 measured CIEXYZ luminance reflectance data Y or the measured 16 CIELAB lightness data L* of a first output.

Proposal for a digital ISO-test chart according to ISO/CD 9241-306:2005

The are main user requirements for the ISO-test chart output by the display system in daylighted offices and for other workplaces.

Definition remark: The display system includes all the components between the digital test file and the display output as a "black box".

There are three main requirements for the display system which is required to:
1. produce a 16 step gray display output which is equally spaced in relative lightness 0 <= l* <=1.
2. produce a linear relationship for the values 0 <= w* <=1 in the digital PS or PDF file and the relative lightness 0 <= l* <=1 of the output.
3. consider the stimuli of both the luminous display and the stimuli reflection of daylight on the display surface.

Technical remark: The CIELAB relative lightness l* is calculated from (absolute) Lightness L* of the output and the lightness L*W and L*N of white (W) and black (N=noir) by the equation

l* = (L* - L*N) / (L*W-L*N)

The normalization factor for white (Y/100=0.89) which corresponds to L*=95 is the same as used in ISO/IEC 15775:1999 and ISO 22028-2 and -3:2003 (RIMM and ROMM file format)

Application for the display system output

Digital ISO-test chart according to ISO/CD 9241-306:2005
The ISO/IEC-test file according to ISO/IEC 15775 is used to produce a display system output of eight pages. The output of this file simulates eight different display reflections between 0% and 40% on the display surface compared to the ideal white display (100%). The value 40% is about the minimum required contrast of 2:1 at workplaces which appears in application for data projectors, overhead projectors and mobile phones at daylighted workplaces.

For the proposed ISO-test chart file according to ISO/CD 9241-306:2005, see the URL (8 pages, 1.600 kByte)

www.ps.bam.de/CE76/10L/L76E00FP.PDF

For further study an output of this file on both a display and a printer is recommended.

Often the page with the luminance reflectance Y=2.5 appears visually equally spaced for office displays. For mobile phones and data projectors the page for the luminance reflectance Y=20 may appear visually equally spaced.

 

Table with the calculated stimuli data and a lookup table between w* and w*(input, equivalent)

The stimuli data of both the stimuli of the luminous display and the reflection data of the display are given in the following table, see the URL (15 kByte)

http://www.ps.bam.de/9241-306E/E6531-74.PDF

For further study it is recommended to make an output of this PDF file on a printer.

The left section shows the intended (absolute) L* lightness data and the very right section shows the intended w* data (equally spaced for (ideal) no reflection and L*N=0 for black) and 7 other reflections, which produce a L* lightness change between L*N = 0 and 70. If the reflection increases the w* input data must be changed. The new values are called w* (input,equivalent).

If the w* data are not changed by the display system software (here the MFL code) then about 5 steps of 16 near the black steps will apear black for the 40% reflection condition and about 3 steps for the standard 2.5% reflection condition.

Reproduction questions

The proposed achromatic ISO-test chart according to ISO/CD 9241-306:2005 is the same as the achromatic test chart of ISO/IEC 15775:1999 and ISO/IEC TR 24705:2005, see an older public version at the URL (79 pages, 2.000 kByte)

http://www.jbmia.or.jp/sc28/sc28docs/j28n670.zip

The reproduction questions for the proposed achromatic ISO-test chart according to ISO/CD 9241-306:2005 at workplaces are the same as in ISO/IEC TR 24705:2005, Annex C, B, and D, see the URL (200kByte)

http://www.ps.bam.de/9241-306E/AC24705.PDF

For similar reproduction questions for the proposed chromatic ISO-test charts, see the URL's (200 kByte)

http://www.ps.bam.de/9241-306E/AB24705.PDF

and

http://www.ps.bam.de/9241-306E/AD24705.PDF

For further study it is recommended to make an output of this PDF files on a printer.

There are three other forms A, E, anf F in Annex A, E and F of ISO/IEC TR 24705 which may be used as option

http://www.ps.bam.de/9241-306E/AA24705.PDF

and

http://www.ps.bam.de/9241-306E/AE24705.PDF

and

http://www.ps.bam.de/9241-306E/AF24705.PDF

 

Out of Form E and F the following three tests are recommended

1E. Test of achromatic ISO/IEC-test chart 1 ( ) or ISO/IEC-test chart 3 ( )

1F. Test of chromatic test chart 2 ( ) or test chart 4 ( ):

2E / 2F. Test of agreement of the four 5-step grey scales according to the grey scales in the frame region

3E / 3F Test of the scaling factors using width and height of the inner rectangle in the frame region

 

Available test charts and Output Linearization (OL) method

Analog originals of the different achromatic and chromatic ISO/IEC-test charts according to ISO/IEC 15775:1999 are available by different sources, see

http://www.ps.bam.de

The programming language PostScript is recommended to be used for Output Linearisation (OL) of the (ideal) no reflection display at the workplace.
For further information about Output Linearization, see the URL (20 pages, 400 kByte)

http://www.jbmia.or.jp/sc28/sc28docs/j28n656.zip

The programming language PostScript (and PDF) is used within the proposed ISO-test file according to ISO-9241-306:2005 to calculate and to change the luminance reflectance Y or lightness L* of the output for the 16 gray steps.

The files in the following folders are examples and any file may be used to linearize the display output for the "no" reflection case.

ISO/IEC-test chart file for Output Linearization with CIEXYZ or CIELAB data (layout of Fig. 1):
PS operator no. 0: 000n* setcmykcolor, see CE64 or CE75

PS operator no. 1: w* setgray, see CE65 or CE76
PS operator no. 2: nnn0* setcmykcolor, see CE66 or CE77
PS operator no. 3: www* setrgbcolor, see CE67 or CE78

Four 16 step gray series for Output Linearization with CIEXYZ or CIELAB data (layout of Fig. 2):
PS operator no. 0: 000n* setcmykcolor, see CE60 or CE70
PS operator no. 1: w* setgray, see CE61 or CE71

PS operator no. 2: nnn0* setcmykcolor, see CE62 or CE72
PS operator no. 3: www* setrgbcolor, see CE63 or CE73

Four 16 step gray series for Output Linearization with CIEXYZ or CIELAB data (layout of Fig. 3):
Four PS operators (000n* setcmykcolor, w* setgray, nnn0* setcmykcolor, www* setrgbcolor) on one page, see CE69 or CE74

Four 16 step gray series for Output Linearization with CIEXYZ data (layout of Fig. 3):
Four contrast ratios for display reflections 0 to 20% and the PS operator w* setgray on one page, see CE68

Often a linearized output for the cero reflection condition may be assumed and no linearizing method is necessary. So the output of the present files may be used directly for the test under one of the 8 reflection conditions.

The data of a theoretical Square root (S) or Quadratic (Q) display output are included in the files S.. and Q.. instead of the files L.. (Linear output). One may study the darker or lighter output of all the pages in the above directories.

The output may change for different PDF viewer software and versions (e. g. Adobe Reader, GostView, MacPreview).

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